Derslerde öğrendiğin kuralların hepsi burada. Takıldığında dönüp bakabilirsin.
| Konu | Kural | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Olumlu | was / were + fiil-ing | I was working. They were sleeping. |
| Olumsuz | wasn't / weren't + fiil-ing | She wasn't listening. |
| Soru | Was / Were + özne + fiil-ing? | Were you sleeping? |
| Kısa cevap | Yes, … was / were. · No, … wasn't / weren't. | Was it raining? — Yes, it was. |
| when | uzun eylem (Past Continuous) + when + kısa eylem (Past Simple) | I was cooking when the phone rang. |
| while | while + uzun eylem (-ken) | While I was reading, she was cooking. |
| Durum fiilleri | -ing almaz → Past Simple | I knew the answer. (I was knowing ✗) |
Türkçede geçmişteki bir anda devam etmekte olan eylemi -yordu ile anlatırız: Dün akşam sekizde ders çalışıyordum. İngilizcede bunun karşılığı Past Continuous: was / were + fiil-ing.
was I, he, she, it ile; were you, we, they ile kullanılır — tıpkı to be'nin geçmiş hali gibi. Fiile şimdiki zamandaki gibi -ing eklenir: I was working, they were sleeping.
Genellikle belli bir geçmiş an ya da süre verilir: at eight o'clock yesterday, at this time last week, all evening.
At eight o'clock yesterday I was having dinner.
Dün saat sekizde akşam yemeği yiyordum.
They were watching TV all evening.
Bütün akşam televizyon izliyorlardı.
It was raining in the morning.
Sabah yağmur yağıyordu.
İki parçayı da unutma: “I working” ya da “I was work” değil, I was working. was geçmişi, -ing ise “-yor”u gösterir.
Olumsuz için was / were'den sonra not gelir: wasn't (was not), weren't (were not). I wasn't sleeping. They weren't listening. Burada did kullanılmaz.
Soru için was / were öne geçer: Were you working? Was she sleeping? Soru kelimesi varsa en başa gelir: What were you doing?
Kısa cevaplarda -ing'li fiil tekrar edilmez: Were you sleeping? — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
I wasn't sleeping, I was reading.
Uyumuyordum, kitap okuyordum.
Were you working at ten?
Saat onda çalışıyor muydun?
What were you doing last night?
Dün gece ne yapıyordun?
Sık yapılan hata: “Did you sleeping?” Past Continuous'ta yardımcı fiil was / were'dür: Were you sleeping?
Past Continuous en çok uzun bir arka plan eylemini ve onu kesen kısa bir eylemi birlikte anlatmak için kullanılır. Uzun eylem Past Continuous, kısa eylem Past Simple olur: I was cooking when the phone rang.
Türkçede bunu çoğu zaman -ken ya da -dığında ile söyleriz: Yemek yaparken telefon çaldı. İngilizcede when kısa eylemin önüne gelir: … when the phone rang.
Cümle when ile de başlayabilir; o zaman araya virgül konur: When the phone rang, I was cooking.
I was cooking when the phone rang.
Yemek yaparken telefon çaldı.
We were walking home when it started to rain.
Eve yürürken yağmur başladı.
When you called, I was having a shower.
Sen aradığında duş alıyordum.
Kısa, ani eylem (rang, arrived, fell) Past Simple'da kalır: “when the phone was ringing” değil, when the phone rang.
İki uzun eylem aynı anda sürüyorsa ikisi de Past Continuous olur ve genelde while kullanılır: While I was cooking, my brother was cleaning.
while Türkçedeki -ken'e çok benzer ve uzun eylemin önüne gelir. when ise genelde kısa, ani eylemin önüne gelir: I was cooking when he arrived. / He arrived while I was cooking.
Türkçede -ken fiile eklenir; İngilizcede while ayrı bir kelimedir ve ardından özne ile was / were gelir: while I was cooking.
While I was cooking, my brother was cleaning.
Ben yemek yaparken kardeşim temizlik yapıyordu.
She was listening to music while she was running.
Koşarken müzik dinliyordu.
The phone rang while we were eating.
Biz yemek yerken telefon çaldı.
Kısa yol: when + kısa eylem (when the phone rang), while + uzun eylem (while I was sleeping).
Past Simple geçmişte başlayıp bitmiş eylemi anlatır: I watched a film last night (izledim, bitti). Past Continuous ise geçmişteki bir anda devam eden eylemi: At ten I was watching a film (saat onda film sürüyordu).
Arka arkaya olan eylemler Past Simple'dır: I got up, had a shower and left. Bir hikâyede arka plan (hava, ortam, süren eylemler) Past Continuous'tur: The sun was shining and birds were singing.
know, like, want, need, understand gibi durum fiilleri -ing almaz: I knew the answer (“I was knowing” değil). Türkçede “biliyordum” desek de İngilizcede Past Simple kullanılır.
I watched a film last night.
Dün gece film izledim.
At ten o'clock I was watching a film.
Saat onda film izliyordum.
I knew the answer.
Cevabı biliyordum.
Türkçedeki -yordu her zaman Past Continuous değildir: “Onu tanıyordum” → I knew him, “Kahve istiyordu” → She wanted coffee.
Bu derste Past Continuous ile ilgili her şeyi karışık olarak tekrar edeceksin.
Yapı: was / were + fiil-ing. Olumsuz: wasn't / weren't. Soru: Were you…? / What were you doing?
Uzun eylem Past Continuous, onu kesen kısa eylem Past Simple: I was cooking when the phone rang. Aynı anda iki uzun eylem: while. Durum fiilleri (know, want…) -ing almaz.
What were you doing at nine?
Saat dokuzda ne yapıyordun?
I was cooking when the phone rang.
Yemek yaparken telefon çaldı.
While I was reading, she was sleeping.
Ben okurken o uyuyordu.